![]() Therefore, in existing solutions, the main trend is to divide the image and store its parts in the blockchain. A similar approach may be found in, where the authors presented an IoT-based solution for secure transmission and storage of digital images. The problem with images is that they must be divided into parts of size up to 256 Kb, which is the limit set by a single IPFS object. Some efforts have been made to place images in the interplanetary file system (IPFS) -a distributed system for storing data in objects containing data and links. ![]() We may found a blockchain-based medical image system in which images are encrypted and may be retrieved with smart contracts. Unfortunately, not many papers consider digital pictures. Other interesting works are focused on protocol optimization or adaptation to specific needs. There are also projects aimed at limiting the required storage space by creating local blockchains and save constrained resources in IoT networks. Another example was presented in in which resources are controlled with digital currency, and the system rules are based on smart contracts. It was involved in information management to store data and access it with Etherum smart contracts. īlockchain technology also found application in IoT. It is efficient and suitable for large data structures. In blockchains, a common solution for protecting the integrity of a collection of files is the use of Merkle trees: the hashes of all files are organized in a tree, and the root of the tree is stored in the blockchain. It describes data management with smart contracts in the Ethereum network. The application of blockchain in clinical trial data is discussed in. Its main parts are distributed ledger, smart contracts repository and the history of documents and drug distribution. The authors of propose a blockchain-based system of drug distribution to detect falsified and substandard drugs. Additionally, the servers can perform homomorphic computations on the data. In, medical data in blockchain are shared between n servers and may be obtained when at least t participants collaborate. The aim of was to store genomic data in blockchain to reward resource-sharing, remove the necessity of unnecessary mediators between the owners and users, promote collaborative work, and provide genome privacy. Some other ideas of blockchain application are also worth mentioning. Both papers made important contributions to the storage of index information and transaction records, but not the images themselves. The system presented in integrates blockchain with cloud infrastructure. Authors of proposed two blockchains-public and private-with different block structures. There were also some projects focused on storing healthcare data. Unfortunately, this effort was unsuccessful due to technical limitations. Instead of the default approach (uploading the image to the server), the author tried to embed base64-encoded binary image content into HTML. ![]() The one idea was to place a digital image at the SteemIt, which normally only stores the texts in the blockchain. However, it is worth mentioning some efforts of chaining different data structures. The main strength of blockchain lies in distribution because it makes the database directly accessible and resistant to DDoS attacks.īlockchains usually store textual data. Each block of data is connected to the previous one with a cryptographic hash function to ensure the integrity and prevent tampering with data (in fact, modifying even a single bit in the chain would require recomputing all hashes from the altered block to the last one, which is a power-consuming task). The data are stored in the form of a chain that grows incrementally, and the information, once saved, is immutable. The two most important issues are embedding methods and block structure.īlockchain is a breakthrough technology used to create distributed databases. This article describes the basic concept of an imagechain together with building blocks and applications. This is achieved by hashing the whole file with embedded data, so the image cannot be altered or removed from the chain without losing integrity. At the same time, the scheme provides a high level of security and resistance to forgery. It supports multiple file formats and embedding methods, which makes it portable and user-friendly. The presented solution does not require any additional files except the images themselves. Therefore, the imagechain is built from standard graphic files that may be used in the same way as any other image, but additionally, each of them contains a data block that links it to a previous element of the chain. Instead, the block and the image are combined together in the embedding process. The most important feature, which differentiates it from blockchain, is that the pictures are not stored inside the blocks. Imagechain is a cryptographic structure that chain digital images with hash links.
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